Tantangan Migrasi, Pengelolaan Remitansi, dan Kekerasan terhadap Buruh Migran Perempuan Asal Lombok di Malaysia dan Arab Saudi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/resiprokal.v3i1.60Keywords:
female migration, Sasak, cultural challenges, remittance, and violenceAbstract
This article aims to understand the migration challenges faced by female migrant workers (TKW) from Lombok who have worked in Saudi Arabia and Malaysia. The challenges faced by female migrant workers are complex, ranging from recruitment and shelter in the country of origin before leaving, and cultural and language issues in the workplace. This article explores these challenges and tries to relate them to the quality level of educational and human resources factors that prospective migrant workers have. Besides, this article also discusses the historical aspects of Sasak women’s involvement and participation in migration and the factors that drove them to take up the profession as migrant workers. The issue of remittance management and violence faced by migrant workers in the employer's home becomes a crucial issue that requires serious attention from the government. Publicly speaking, female migrant workers continue to experience physical and sexual violence resulting in disability and severe trauma. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the forms of violence that befall the female migrant workers.
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References
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Asriani, D.D dan Amalia, E. (2014). Jejak Perempuan Buruh Migran dalam Masyarakat ASEAN 2015. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, 18(2), 147-159.
Azmy, A.S. (2012). Negara dan Buruh Migran Perempuan: Menelaah Kebijkan Perlindungan Masa Pemerintahn Susilo Bambang Yudoyono 2004-2010. Jakarta: Yayyasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Bal, C.S, dan Gerard, K. (2017). ASEAN's governance of migrant worker rights. Third World Quarterly, https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2017.1387478.
BPS NTB. (2018). Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Dalam Angka 2018. Pemprop NTB.
BPS NTB. (2015). Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Dalam Angka 2015. Pemprop NTB.
Chin, C.B.N. (1997). Walls of Silence and Late Twentieth Century Representations of the Foreign Female Domestic Worker: The Case of Filipina and Indonesian Female Servants in Malaysia. IMR, 31(2), 353–385.
Constable, N. (2009). Migrant Workers and the Many States of Protest in Hong Kong. Critical Asian Studies. 41(1) 143–164., https://doi.org/10.1080/14672710802631202
Greenwood, M. J., & Hunt, G. L. (2003). The Early History of Migration Research. International Regional Science Review, 26(1), https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017602238983
Haryani, R. N., Indonesia, D., & Buruh, D. (2011). Tinjauan Kriminologi Kritis terhadap Kebijakan Negara dalam Melindungi Perempuan Buruh Migran Pekerja Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia. 7(2), 174-192.
Hakim, L, Fitrianto, A. (2015_. Political Economy of Sending Domestic Workers Abroad: Case Study of Indonesian Migrant Workers. Mediterranean Journal of Social Science, .6(4).
Karim, M. F. (2017). Institutional Dynamics of Regulatory Actors in the Recruitment of Migrant Workers. Asian Journal of Social Science, 45, 440–464. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04504004
Kaur, A. (2009). Labor Crossings in Southeast Asia : Linking Historical and Contemporary Labor Migration. New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies. 11 (1), 276–303.
………… (2014). Mobility, Labour Mobilisation And Border Controls: Indonesian Labour Migration To Malaysia Since 1900. Paper ini dipresentasikan pada seminar "15th Biennial Conference of the Asian Studies Association of Australia" di Canberra 29 June-2 July 2004.
Killias, O. (2010). 'Illegal' Migration as Resistance: Legality, Morality and Coercion in Indonesian Domestic Worker Migration to Malaysia. Asian Journal of Social Science, 38, 897–914, https://doi.org/10.1163/156853110X530796
Larsen, J. J. (2010). Migration and people trafficking in southeast Asia. Trends & issues in Crime and Criminal Justice. 401.
Maksum, A., dan Surwandono. (2017). Suffer to Survive : The Indonesian Ilegal Workers Experiences in Malaysia and Japan. Journal of Social Research & Policy, 8(1), 1-23.
Melchert, P. (2017). Indonesian Migrants in Taiwan: Religion and Life-style. Arbeitspapiere zur Ethnologie, Working Papers in Social Anthropology, (4)
Hermawan, Y.P dkk. (2014). Identifikasi Potensi Perempuan dalam Upaya Perlindungan Buruh Migran Perempuan Indonesia. Laporan Hasil Penelitian: Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Katolik Parahyangan.
Pels, P. (1997). The Anthropology of Colonialism: Culture, History, and the Emergence of Western Governmentality. Annual Reviews of An Anthropology, 26, 163-183.
Sakdapolrak, P. (2002). Ringkasan Eksekutif Perlindungan Buruh Migran Perempuan: Kebijakan di Negara-negara Pengirim dan Penerima, Jakarta: Internship in IDF Grant
Human Rights Watch, (2004). Help Wanted : Abuses against Female Migrant Domestic Workers in Indonesia and Malaysia. Human Rights Watch,16(9).
Putra, P. (2019). Strategi dan Informasi Transmigrasi pada Masa Orde Baru dalam Rangka Mensukseskan Program Pembangunan Nasional. Jurnal Kepustakawanan dan Masyarakat Membaca, 35 (2), 1–15.
Rahman, M., dan Fee, L. K. (2009). Indonesian Domestic Workers in Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia. 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730902992059
Rahmat, A. et al. (2018). Dari Imigrasi Menuju Integrasi: Peranan Etnis Jawa Dalam Politik Di Suriname (1991- 2015). FACTUM: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Pendidikan Sejarah, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/factum.v7i1.11923
Rother, S. & Rother, S. (2017). Indonesian migrant domestic workers in transnational political spaces : agency , gender roles and social class formation formation. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1274567
Sulistiyo, P.A., dan Wahyuni, E.S (2012). Buruh Migran Perempuan Dalam Rumahtangga. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 06(03), 252–258.
Scott, D. (1992). Anthropology and Colonial Discourse: Aspects of the Demonological Construction of Sinhala Cultural Practice. Cultural Anthropology, 7(3), 301–326. https://doi.org/10.1525/can.1992.7.3.02a00020
Silvey, R. (2004). Transnational Migration And The Gender Politics Of Scale : Indonesian Domestic Workers In Saudi Arabia. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 25(2), 2004, 141-155.
………….. (2007). Mobilizing Piety : Gendered Morality and Indonesian -Saudi Transnational Migration. Mobilities, 2 (2), 219–229, DOI: 10.1080/17450100701381565 .
Surtees, R. (2003). Female Migration and Trafficking in Women : The Indonesian context. Development 46(3), 99–106.
Susanti, S. (2016). Nasionalisme Dan Gerakan Mulih Njowo, 1947 Dan 1954. Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha, 1(2), https://doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v1i2.12767
Wickramasekera, P. (2002). Asian Labour Migration: Issues and Challenges in an Era of Globalization. Laporan dan Kesimulan: ILO Asia-Pacific Regional Symposium for Trade Union Organizations on Migrant Workers, 6-8 December 1999, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ILO. Bangkok, International Labour Office: Bureau of Workers Activities.
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Published
2021-06-15
How to Cite
Hamdi, S. (2021). Tantangan Migrasi, Pengelolaan Remitansi, dan Kekerasan terhadap Buruh Migran Perempuan Asal Lombok di Malaysia dan Arab Saudi . RESIPROKAL: Jurnal Riset Sosiologi Progresif Aktual, 3(1), 22–24. https://doi.org/10.29303/resiprokal.v3i1.60
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